According to functionalist perspective, what role does deviance play in society?

The functionalist perspective, particularly as articulated by sociologists like Emile Durkheim, suggests that deviance plays a vital role in the functioning of society. This view posits that deviance serves important social functions, contributing to both social cohesion and social change.

From this perspective, deviance can promote social cohesion by clearly delineating acceptable behavior. When individuals engage in deviant acts, it allows the rest of society to reaffirm its values and norms. This creates a collective reaction that strengthens community ties as members unite against the deviant behavior. Additionally, the presence of deviance can serve as a catalyst for social change. It can challenge existing norms and stimulate discussions about what behaviors are acceptable, potentially leading to reforms in laws or societal expectations. This dynamic interplay between deviance and social norms is essential in adapting to the evolving needs of society.

Thus, understanding deviance through the functionalist lens highlights its dual role in enhancing solidarity among members of a community while also facilitating social evolution. This perspective contrasts sharply with views that consider deviance only as a negative phenomenon or dismiss its impact altogether.