What is the core idea of "conflict theory" in sociology?

The essence of conflict theory in sociology revolves around the premise that society is made up of various groups and interests that compete for limited resources, such as wealth, power, and status. This viewpoint emphasizes the struggles between different social classes, highlighting how those in power maintain their dominance while oppressing other groups. It posits that conflicts arise not simply from individual actions but from the structural inequalities inherent in society, which lead to ongoing competition and struggles among groups.

This perspective contrasts with views that suggest society is cohesive or harmonious, as conflict theorists argue that underlying tensions and competition fundamentally shape social relations. Instead of seeing social interactions as based solely on mutual consent or cooperation, conflict theory recognizes that power dynamics often dictate these interactions. Additionally, the idea that social change is always beneficial is challenged, as conflict theory suggests that change can lead to increased inequality and tension between groups. Thus, the notion that society consists of competing groups for scarce resources effectively captures the core idea of conflict theory.